judecorp: (erase hate)
[personal profile] judecorp
So I was wondering this morning about the dominant culture, the dominant paradigm, The Man, what have you. I was in my Clinical Practice With Adolescents class and we were watching some educational program (which was actually rather good) called "Tough Guise," which was basically about how we socialize boys and men to associate masculinity with violence and aggression. Unfortunately, there wasn't a lot of "what you can do about it" information, which made it a rather depressing watch.

I don't usually like things like this. I tend to cringe away from anything that tries to offer "ways that males and females are different" because it makes me nervous... nervous that someone will be 'legitimizing' lack of equality. But since this one focused entirely on socialization, well, that's different. Of /course/ males and females are socialized differently in our society. That's one of the things I have a problem with.

So I got to thinking about the dominant paradigm. It occurred to me that the dominant paradigm is so rarely challenged because it is, for all intents and purposes, covert or invisible when issues that buck the dominant paradigm come up.

When one thinks of "race issues," one thinks of African Americans, Asian Americans, Native Americans, Latinos/Latinas, Chicanos/Chicanas, etc. When one thinks of "gender issues," one usually thinks of wimmin's issues (and maybe transgender and intersex issues). And when one thinks of "sexual orientation issues," one thinks of GLBTIQQT-S and whatever other initials one can think of at the time. WHERE IS THE DOMINANT PARADIGM IN ANY OF THIS? We think of these "issues" and the dominant paradigm can continue to exist unexamined and unchanged because it doesn't directly come up.

Race issues include Caucasians. Gender issues include men. Sexual orientation issues include heterosexuality. But these things are not usually thought of when we think of "issues."

This is a serious problem, I think, and a major oversight. I will think more on this after I have Chipotle with Coworker Velma. I am so hungry that my lack of blood sugar is giving me major headaches and shakes. Whee!

Date: 2002-02-07 01:18 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] noog.livejournal.com
The problem I usually encounter in these debates is that when the "dominant paradigm" comes up, it's usually brought up in a manner that I feel is counterproductive to finding solutions. For example, a big argument where I go to college is, "Men are victims of sexism too!" No, they're not. It's not possible for womyn, or transgendered people, or intersexed people, to act against them in a sexist manner, because they don't have the institutional power necessary to oppress men. What we see, I think, is not sexism, but the gender system set up by a patriarchal society biting its own dominant group in the ass. The problem is setting the terms of the argument. If we talk about the dominant group, are we going to give it only the attention it's due, or is it going to become the focus of our discussion?

Date: 2002-02-07 02:27 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] thespian.livejournal.com
but that's not true anymore. I thought in those terms a short while ago, I'll admit myself, however, since starting to date [livejournal.com profile] cpdohert, I've come to realize that, of late, women are in fact getting powerful enough as a gender to practice institutionalized sexism against men (individual women have always had the ability to do so; look at some of the stuff that Andrea Dworkin has written and tell me it's not sexist). Chris has pointed out to me that in Ontario, it is legal for women-only healthclubs, women-only social clubs, etc., to exist, but not for men-only ones. That's government enforced sexism.

Despite the fact that men do get abused, by women and by other men whom they are dating, there are no shelters for men to go to if they need to. As we allow more men to become less dominant, and less socialized to 'masculine' behaviours, more men are being abused, however they have nowhere to go. For reasons I completely understand, they cannot go to women's shelters, both to keep 'sneaks' from getting in but also because some women who are there need the time away from men to recover. The one time in ontario that someone tried to create a shelter for men, it was deemed illegal.

That's sexism, and worse, what it does is make it harder for those few men who can reach out for help to do so, because the result of people keeping them from that help is to make them (or others who see their situation) believe the only way to survive is to adopt the masculine behaviours that seem to protect other men.

Date: 2002-02-07 02:49 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] yarnaddict.livejournal.com
That's so sad. Men are abused, both by women and by other men. They're beaten, they're raped, they're emotionally abused as well as physically. It's not a women-only issue. That it would be considered illegal to have a shelter where men might seek assistance/refuge/solace is... wow. Something that takes away just a little bit more of my faith in my fellow humans. =(

Now... don't get me wrong, I'm not in any way downplaying the fact that women are abused and need assistance/refuge/solace. I think it's amazing and wonderful that there are means and ways for women to get it. But if men need the same thing - and they do - why on earth would we deny them access to it?

Date: 2002-02-07 02:55 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] judecorp.livejournal.com
I would argue that denying a "men only" institution is not sexism, it is discrimination, for exactly those reasons that [livejournal.com profile] noog pointed out. Even if wimmin outnumber men in the US (and I'll talk about the US rather than Canada here because I don't know information on Canada), and even if wimmin have more power in the US than they used to, they are not the dominant group. They are the oppressed group.

The oppressed group can never be sexist, racist, etc. simply because they do not have the power (financial, governmental, etc.) to do so. Wimmin still make less money than men. Wimmin are still highly overrepresented in poverty, in the service industry, in the uninsured, etc.

...but yes, there should be shelters for men. Absolutely. We have an organization here in Columbus (BRAVO - the Buckeye Region Anti-Violence Organization) that specializes in crimes in the queer community -- both hate crimes and same-sex domestic violence. There are services for battered men here... of course, most of them are in the queer community and while I don't believe they would turn away a heterosexual man, said heterosexual man may not be comfortable.

*shrug* But it's not illegal here. I'd like to see some of these laws.

Date: 2002-02-07 08:34 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] thespian.livejournal.com
sexism has nothing to do with 'dominant gender', however. Sexism occurs when you make a negative action-decison about another person because of gender.

Hypothetically: (generic 'you' coming up)

  1. Are you in charge of hiring for a workplace?
  2. Have you decided to hire someone who was equally qualified as another applicant because of the hiree's gender?


That *is* sexism; it's a person in power making a decision based on gender. It can be towards a man, it can be towards a woman. But until you and noog look up the term sexism, and realize that yes, it might be 'especially towards women', but the actual definition is *not* _only_ towards women, you're not going to win this with me, because you are, as feminists often seem to, making things up to help your half of the argument - in this case, a definition of sexism that is not what the dictionary says it is, and that idea sexism can only be perpetrated by dominance, which is not true. Sexism can be enforced by dominance, but anyone can in fact be sexist.

Date: 2002-02-07 08:46 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] cfred.livejournal.com
And this is precisely the problem I have with Affirmative Action. Regardless of what its intentions may be, it still leads to the situation of "I'm not hiring you because you're the best candidate for the job. I'm hiring you because I need a woman(/black/etc.) to make my quota."

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From: [identity profile] judecorp.livejournal.com - Date: 2002-02-08 06:19 am (UTC) - Expand

Date: 2002-02-07 04:02 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] noog.livejournal.com
But can Andrea Dworkin really be said to be practicing "sexism" against men? Sure, she can be angry, incendiary even, but she can't oppress men with her writing. She can't restrict their mobility in society by writing.

And while I appreciate that more men are getting abused and have no place to go, that's not a function of sexism against men. That's not a function of women oppressing men. That's a function of men living in a society that they created, that assumed they would be dominant, that is punishing them now for not being dominant. It's a matter of sexism against women backfiring against itself.

Date: 2002-02-07 08:41 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] yarnaddict.livejournal.com
I think you are being all inclusive here, and I don't think that's fair.

'Men' did not create a male-dominated society. Some men did. I interpret what you're saying as sexism against men, blaming all men as individuals for what 'men' as a general term have wrought in society. The implication in your post is that it's somehow partly their fault, these men who experience abuse, or that they somehow deserve it because 'men' created the situation that you think allows it to occur. I think that's very unfair. And yes, I think it's sexist. Your post says to me that you have a prejudice against 'men'.

Date: 2002-02-07 09:59 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] noog.livejournal.com
I did not, nor have I ever said that it is men's fault for being abused. Furthermore, nowhere in this or any other comment have I said that men, as individuals, are the scourge of the earth simply because society is male-dominated. My point is, when a man isn't abused, it isn't because women are sexist against men. Sexism is an institution in which members of certain sexes or genders are granted less power and social status than others because of their sex and gender, and yes, that system is dominated by men; therefore, women cannot be sexist against men because they, as a group, do not wield the institutional power to oppress men. Yes, they can be angry; yes, they can even hate men. But these are not the same thing as sexism because, in being angry or hateful toward men, they cannot limit men's sphere in society. That is simply not in their power.

You twist my words around when you say that I blame men for being abused. My point was that when men are abused, it is not because women are sexist against men. Women's abuse of men is not an institution; men's abuse of women is. Roughly 98% percent of all physical and sexual abuse cases are perpetuated by men against women; therefore, it is absurd to think that women have gained enough power to enact "sexism against men" through abuse. The problem lies not with women's purported sexism against men, nor does it lie with men as individuals; rather, the problem is rooted in a society that compels men to be the dominant, domineering force: they are being punished by male-dominated society for failing to perform their prescribed role, not by women for being men. I did not say that this was a rightful vindication, that men "deserve" this treatment, as you so cruelly suggest. I merely pointed out that the social forces at work in keeping men from gaining relief from abusive relationships were not functions of women's supposed oppression of men.

To point out the fundamental problems in a social structure is not to treat the members of a given social group with hatred. It is the failure, willful or otherwise, to recognize that difference, that undermines the efforts of such groups as feminists who are working to eradicate prejudice, not to perpetuate it.

Date: 2002-02-07 10:16 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] cpdohert.livejournal.com
"Discriminating against men isn't sexism because all wyymyyn are oppressed, and all oppressed people are completely blameless for any evils they commit because, well, they're oppressed."

If anyone needs me, I'll be hiding behind the couch, clutching a shotgun.



I was gonna post a horde of cites contradicting the "all[1] men bad, all women good" factoids, but it's late and I doubt it would change anyone's mind.

[1] "all", "98%", same excrement, different heap.

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Date: 2002-02-07 11:53 pm (UTC)
ext_14648: (Default)
From: [identity profile] saldemonium.livejournal.com
You wrote: "That's a function of men living in a society that they created, that assumed they would be dominant, that is punishing them now for not being dominant."

Perhaps you didn't intend it to be so, but that very much reads as 'they created the situation, and now they're being punished for it.' To me, that's like saying, 'that woman went out to a bar in a mini-dress, she created the situation, so she deserved to be raped.'

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Hey baby. How YOU doin'?

From: [identity profile] judecorp.livejournal.com - Date: 2002-02-08 06:35 am (UTC) - Expand

Date: 2002-02-07 03:08 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] michael622.livejournal.com
This is completely off topic - but I have been searching every online venue I can find for /months/ for that song. We did JCS when I interned in Winston-Salem years and years ago and that song always gave me chills. WHERE DID YOU FIND IT?!?!?!

Date: 2002-02-07 06:07 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] judecorp.livejournal.com
I own several copies of the soundtrack, my dear. Email me with an address I can send a large file to, and I will rip that song for you. :)

Date: 2002-02-08 08:43 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] transientdyke.livejournal.com
All I can say is that I sincerely wished I had seen this conversation as it was happening, I would have loved to jump in.

Date: 2002-02-08 11:38 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] gmalivuk.livejournal.com
what are you talking about? the conversation is still happening.

Trying to get to the root of our discussion...

Date: 2002-02-08 10:53 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] yarnaddict.livejournal.com
Okay, so I'm not sure that I'm really clear on what we're arguing any more, and I'm not placing any blame on anyone for that, just trying to get to the root(s) of the issue(s).

Jude, Noog, are you stating that women, as an entity, cannot perpetuate an institutional oppression of men and women as individuals cannot perpetuate individual oppression of men? Are you arguing that sexual prejudice (which is, by the dictionary definition, the way I, personally, view 'sexism') cannot be practiced against a man by a woman? Perhaps we could get past the semantics issues if each side clearly states its viewpoint.

I, personally, feel that sexual prejudice, prejudice because of one's sex or gender, what I call 'sexism', can be practiced against anyone by anyone. I agree that we live in a traditionally male-dominated society, and that sexism against women is more common than sexism against men, on a societal scale. However, I do not agree that women cannot be sexist, based on the definition I use for the word 'sexist'.

I do not think that feminists are by definition evil. I do not think that men are by definition sexist. I do not think that anyone must have or absolutely does have any personality trait, emotional trait, political view, what have you, based solely on their gender or gender identity. I do, personally, find that most feminists I have had contact with are too militant about the feminist cause for my personal comfort levels. That's my personal opinion, YMMV, it doesn't mean I think there's anything wrong with those feminists or that I don't want to associate with them, I am not trying to put words in anyone else's mouth (been there and done that today, sorry Good Twin!). I am not trying to say that feminists, as a group, are bad in any way. There are likely man-hating feminists just as there are certainly sexist pig men. But that's not a statement about feminists, it has to do with individuals, and I am not in any way trying to ascribe 'badness' to feminists.

-W
From: [identity profile] judecorp.livejournal.com
My thoughts:

1. I define sexism as: sexual prejudice + POWER. Because of the lack of institutional power, women cannot be sexist. There is nothing a woman can do, or even women as a whole can do, that can change the position of men in our society at this time.

2. What you define as sexism, I would define as sexual prejudice. This is a wrong that is perpetrated by men, women, and those that may not identify as either.

3. I do not believe than men are, by virtue of being men, sexist. Absolutely not. There are men (and boys) all over the place who do not practice sexism. They may have the power (because they are a member of the dominant class), but they do not practice sexual prejudice. Sexual prejudice + power = sexism.

4. This is /not/ the dictionary definition of sexism. I know this. There is not a dictionary that I know of (with the exception of the Social Work Dictionary (http://www.naswpress.org/publications/reference/dictionary/2987.html)) that would define "sexism" in the way I have just defined it (sexual prejudice + power). That doesn't mean that the "established" definition is correct. I happen to believe that it is not. This is why I use a different definition.

5. I believe that we are all inherently good, intelligent people here. I believe that things get misread. I believe that we have a tendency to read a few words of something and think that we know what the other person meant, and this is often not the case. I also think that debates, when they get heated, tend to become "look for a place you can nitpick and harp on it," which is a shame. So is "invite your friends to come and agree with you," which I have seen on Usenet too many times.

6. I believe, I will say again, that both men and women use sexual prejudice. I will say again that I believe that this is wrong. I will say again that I do not believe that every man is inherently sexist. I will say, though, that only men have the potential to be sexist in the way that I believe it is defined.

7. I do not believe these things because I am not a member of the group that can be sexist. I believe the same definition for racism (race prejudice + power) even though I am (for all intents and purposes, especially by how I look) Caucasian. I have the potential to be racist, based on the power that my perceived ethnic group has.

8. Per S-J's example of the woman who expects a man to be a breadwinner, etc. This does not make a woman sexist! (Because I believe a woman cannot use sexism.) This woman who believes these things is still a 'victim' of sexism - this is internalized sexism, wherein a member of the targetted group has internalized the beliefs and in so doing, continues to repress herself. I do not believe in "reverse sexism" (or "reverse racism").

9. Sexism = sexual prejudice + power

10. Power meaning global power, institutional power, financial power. Not individual power like, "Ms. So-and-So is the supervisor and has the power to hire who she wants."
From: [identity profile] yarnaddict.livejournal.com
Okay, thank you. =)

Based on your definition of sexism, even though it is not the definition I use, then I will concede and agree that at this point in time, women do not hold the societal power over men to perpetual sexual prejudice against men on a societal level, and therefore cannot practice sexism as you define it.

*hugs*
-W
From: [identity profile] gmalivuk.livejournal.com
I define sexism as: sexual prejudice + POWER. Because of the lack of institutional power, women cannot be sexist. There is nothing a woman can do, or even women as a whole can do, that can change the position of men in our society at this time.

But you have to see that there are things *a woman* can do that can change the position of *a man* in our society. If a woman is in a position of power, and refuses to hire a male simply because he is a male, then she has both sexual prejudice and power. Therefore, by your own definition, she is acting in a sexist manner.
From: [identity profile] judecorp.livejournal.com
But you have to see that there are things *a woman* can do that can change the position of *a man* in our society. If a woman is in a position of power, and refuses to hire a male simply because he is a male, then she has both sexual prejudice and power. Therefore, by your own definition, she is acting in a sexist manner.

By my own definition, a woman who refuses to hire a man is engaging in sexual prejudice (and/or sexual discrimination). The woman you speak of holds limited power in a localized setting, but not the sort of institutional or financial power to jeopardize the social or power status of men as a whole.

What *a woman* can do to *a man* is not institutionalized oppression. Sexism is not one single act - it's an institution, a philosophy that runs our culture. There are acts of sexism, sure, but these don't involve one person doing something to one other person.
From: [identity profile] gmalivuk.livejournal.com
so really your definition is "sexual prejudice + *institutional* power"?

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